(契約時の注意事項Advice regarding contracts)
When you have chosen an apartment to rent, contact the real estate agent who showed you that apartment. You will need to pay the agent 'earnest money' to keep the room on hold. 'Earnest money' is required in most, but not all, cases.
預り金は、申込金と呼ばれることもあります。これは、一般的には、順位確保のための金銭と解釈されています。預かり金は、手付金ではないので、契約成立の有無に関係なく全額を返してもらうことができます。しかし、例外的に預り金が返戻されない場合もありますから、業者から契約前に何らかの金銭を要求された場合には、それが預かり金なのか手付金なのか、解約時の金銭の返還の有無を良く確かめておきましょう。
Azukari kin(earnest money)is also called Moushikomi kin(application money). It
is payment for offically reserving a room, or officially expressing interest in
it. In some cases, azukari-kin can be refundable even if you cancel your
reservation. However, in some cases, azukari-kin is not refundable. If an agent
asks you to pay anything resembling this, make sure you ask whether it is
Azukari kin or Tetsuke kin, and be sure to find out whether it is refundable if
you cancel your reservation
手付金とは、相手方の違約を防ぐとともに解約の自由を留保するための金銭です。申込者が手付金を業者に交付した場合、申込者は手付金を放棄すれば、いつでも契約を解除できます。反対に、業者は、手付金の倍額を申込者に返還すれば、契約を解除できます。
Tetsuke kin(a kind of 'earnest money') is money held to prevent an applicant
from running out on their contract, and also to protect the applicant should the
contract be cancelled by the agent. It protects both parties. If an applicant
gives an agent Tetsuke kin, the applicant can cancel the contract anytime by
abandoning his/her Tetsuke kin. On the other hand, the agent can annul the
contract at any time, if they refund double the Tetsuke kin to the applicant.
2種類の契約申込み形態があります There are 2 types of contracts:
| 個人契約 Personal contract |
入居者本人が契約する。入居者本人に対する審査が厳しい。The tenant prepares and signs the contract him or herself. The landlord will likely do an intensive background check in this case. |
| 法人契約 Corporate contract |
会社が契約する。会社が家賃を支払うため、入居者本人に対する審査は比較的易しい。The company which employs the tenant will prepare and sign the contract on the tenant's behalf. In this case, the landlord will most likely not do an intensive background check on the tenant, since it is the company which will be paying the rent and taking responsibility for the rental of the apartment. |
法人契約は、個人契約に比べ審査が通りやすいので、法人契約が可能かどうか会社に問い合わせてみるとよいでしょう。
With a corporate contract, it is much easier to pass the landlord's background
check. It is advisable to ask your company to take care of your apartment for
you, if at all possible.
３．契約書 Contract forms
契約書は業者の方で用意したものを使用します。契約書は通常、３枚用意し､あなたとオーナー､及び業者の３者で持ち合います。
The contract forms/outline will be provided by your real estate agent.
Three copies will be drawn up: one for the owner, one for the real estate agent, and one for you.
契約書の内容は､業者やオーナーによって様々で難しい言葉が使われていたりして､一度読んだだけでは理解するのは難しいでしょう。そこで、業者は、契約時に契約書や重要事項説明書についての内容を説明をすることになっています。
The contents of contracts vary widely depending upon the property owner and the
real estate agent. In some cases the wording may be complex and difficult to
understand. Before signing the contract, have the real estate agent explain any
important matters.
契約書や重要事項説明書には、借りる部屋の概況と契約書の内容(遵守する事項や禁止されている事項）などについてが書かれています。どれも、アパートで生活していく上で気をつけなければいけないことが多々記述されていますので、トラブル回避のため疑問点は契約担当者にしっかりと確認し、納得した上で署名、捺印してください。
The general condition of the space to be rented and the conditons for staying
there (prohibitions and requirements) will be stated in the contract. Since many
(possibly strict) rules will be included, make sure you understand the contract
100% before you sign it, to avoid any trouble later on.
| 禁止事項、特約事項 Special rules and conditons |
ペットを飼うこと、楽器の使用又は演奏、石油ストーブの使用、許可のない部屋の改装、住居以外の使用などが主に挙げられます。物件によって条件はそれぞれ違うので、契約前に確認、交渉するのがよいでしょう。禁止事項は必ず守りましょう。 You, for example, may not be allowed to have a pet, play musical instruments, use an oil heater, remodel your room, or use your room for any purpose other than as a personal residence. Since conditions are different depending on the apartment, make sure to negotiate these types of conditions before entering into a contract. If you have already signed your contract, be sure to respect these rules and conditons. |
| 賃料支払日 When your rent is due |
一般的に月末。25日から28日の間に翌月分を振り込みもしくは持参となる。できれば給料日後の支払いが無難。交渉は早めに。 Usually, rent is due at the end of each month. You should pay your rent by bank transfer, or in to your agent in person, between the 25th and 28th of each month. It's a good idea to negotiate a rent due date that closely follows your payday at work. |
| 更新料 Fee for renewing your contract | 日本では、契約を更新する際に、更新料を支払わなければなりません。よって、2年後の更新料について確認しましょう。更新料は、賃料の1ヶ月分が一般的ですが、物件によって異なる場合があります。 In Japan, you will most often be required to pay a fee to renew your contract. The fee is usually the equivelant of 1 month's rent, but it depends on the apartments. It's a good idea to ask your agent about this before you sign your contract. |
| 退室時の原状回復及び敷金の返還 Paying for repairs/cleaning after you move out, and refund of deposit |
退室時の原状回復の内容は、不動産会社によって異なりますし、トラブルの原因にもなりますので、契約時に確認しましょう。この原状回復にかかった費用を敷金から差し引いた残額が、退室者に返還されます。
Different agents have different requirements when you move out of your apartment. Even if your room seems clean to you, they may require you to pay a fee to replace the tatami, repaint, etc. The expense for any restoration will be deducted from your deposit, and the balance will be refunded. Ask your agent about this beforehand. |
Contracts include alot of important information, such as the duration of the contract, the details of the deposit, etc. Please take care of your contract... keep it safe and do not lose it!
Be sure to obtain receipts for everything you pay.
入居日が決まったら家主・業者に連絡してください。
Once you have decided what date you want to move in, contact your real estate
agent, and landlord.
あまりにも滞在期間が短い場合(１年未満)は、部屋を借りるのを拒否されることがあります。また、入居希望日があまりにも先の場合は、不動産会社が受け付けてくれないこともあります。遅くとも契約日から２週間以内に入居できるようにしましょう。
If the term of your stay is too short (under a year), you may be turned down by
landlords. If the day you wish to move in is too far in the future, real estate
agents may not accept your request. It is advisable to move in within 2 weeks
after you finalize your contract.
If you decide to move in later than that date, you will most likely still have to pay for rent, even though you are not living in the apartment.
